Waste Management System
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| Waste Management |
WASTE MANAGEMENT
Waste management is based on a hierarchy of management
practices that are fundamental to the development of a sustainable waste
management strategy. Effective management of waste begins with pollution
prevention. This means the elimination, change, or reduction of operating
practices that result in discharges to land, air, or water. This principle of
pollution prevention should be incorporated into the design and operation of
all Group Company facilities.
1.
If the elimination of waste is not possible,
then waste should be minimized through the application of the hierarchical
principle of source reduction, reuse, recycling/recovery, treatment, and
responsible disposal.
2.
Waste management in companies must be based on a
strategy that considers all elements of the hierarchical waste management
process
3.
Wastes Inventory and characterization
4.
Segregation
5.
Waste minimization uses source reduction, reuse,
recycling, recovery, treatment, and disposal. Together, source reduction, reuse,
and recycling comprise waste minimization.
6.
The first and preferred option of waste
minimization is source reduction. Source reduction is any activity that reduces
or eliminates either the generation of waste at the source or the reduction of toxicity
of wastes from a process. This includes the elimination or minimization of
discharges to the environment through modifications to operational practices,
which lead to reductions in pollution.
If the elimination of a waste stream is not possible,
options for minimizing waste production must be considered.
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The next preferred option is reuse.
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The third option is recycling which is the
reclamation of the useful constituents of waste for reuse, or the use or reuse
of a waste as a substitute for a commercial feedstock or as a feedstock in an industrial
process.
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The fourth option is recovery which is
extracting materials or energy from waste for other uses.
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The principle of waste minimization is central
to good waste management practice and must be incorporated into all aspects of
facility design
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Treatment of residue
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Disposal
Hierarchy of Waste
Management
REDUCE
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Process modification or design change
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Material elimination
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Inventory control and management
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Material substitution
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Improved housekeeping
REUSE
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Chemical containers
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Oily wastes for road spreading
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Cleaned drill cuttings for roadbed material or
landfill cover
RECYCLE/ RECOVER
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Recycle scrap metal
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Recycle paper
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Recycle drilling mud
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Burn waste lubricating oil for energy recovery
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Recover oil from tank bottoms
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Produced water and drilling mud
STORAGE OF WASTE
All waste storage areas are to be located away from
watercourses or sensitive land uses and are signed utilizing.
Storage areas must have a defined capacity that must not be
exceeded.
Special, separate storage areas are to be provided for
special wastes such as flammable materials.
Incompatible wastes must be kept separate i.e. oxidizers,
pyrophoric waste, acids, alkalis, and reactive wastes. Details of the main
groups of mutually incompatible waste streams are provided.
Storage containers must be secured with lids and regularly
inspected for leaks and labeled as outlined.
Waste storage areas shall be hard-surfaced bunded storage
for all environmentally harmful fluids and/or dry wastes that may produce
harmful fluids when in contact with liquids e.g. wash down or rainwater.
Shaded, ventilated storage shall be in place for volatile
waste organic substances, and those of low flashpoint.
1. Non-hazardous Waste.
Dedicated receptacles shall be made available based on the
nature and volume of waste being collected. Where practical, multiple
receptacles shall be made available for the segregation of waste streams. In
all cases, waste shall be stored away from storm drains, natural waterways (including
Arabian Gulf), or drainage channels.
2. Hazardous Waste
All hazardous wastes shall be stored following hazardous substances
and labeled.
The floor of the hazardous waste storage areas must be made of
non-absorbent and impermeable materials. The floor must be free of cracks and
not be slippery.
Once a storage area has been designated for a particular
hazardous material or hazardous class, only that substance may be stored in the
designated store. Storage areas must be fenced to help prevent any unauthorized
access. Only approved personnel must have access to the storage area.
Hazardous waste materials must be properly stored away from
the fence.
SEGREGATION
This is the physical separation of waste materials,
according to their general physical and chemical nature.
This is important from a safety point of view. Segregation
also allows wastes of a similar type to be combined, thus simplifying storage,
treatment, recycling, and disposal arrangements. Waste must be properly
segregated into different types, so that opportunities for reuse and recycling
are not compromised by, for example, mixing hazardous and non-hazardous wastes.
Segregation of waste streams is a prerequisite for
implementing minimization options. Incorrect waste segregation can result in
extensive lab analysis; thereby causing waste disposal costs to escalate. The principles
of segregation which are applied to transport, storage, and use of materials
apply to both hazardous waste and non-hazardous waste.
WASTE TRANSPORT
To ensure the proper handling of waste, companies must have
a contract with environmental services providers.
External transport of waste who were granted permits by the company
to practice the profession. That contract would facilitate the procedures for
issuing the waste transportation policy form manifest and subsequent NOC, which
is considered the only proof accredited by the company regarding the proper
handling of waste.
For internal hazardous waste transport, the requirements shall
implement while external hazardous waste transport shall be undertaken by a
registered third party.
DOCUMENTATION
All waste that has been classified as hazardous must have
complete documentation that describes the category and quantity volume, and weight
of the waste before it can be removed for disposal or treatment. Hazardous
waste transfer forms must accompany the waste (s) during transportation to the disposal
or treatment site, duly completed at each stage, and final destruction, and treatment
certificates issued by a third party.
Companies must have a central location for such documentation
with a view to performance monitoring and regulatory inspections and audits.
Pre-disposal Management of Radioactive.
An appropriate number of waste bins will be provided in
residential, office, and workshop areas.
Color coding
references for waste bins will be as follows:
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Biodegradable: Orange
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Glass: Green
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Metal: Grey
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Paper: Pink
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Plastic: Yellow
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E-waste: Red
To make it easy to use, colored waste bins will be labeled
for the respective waste type as mentioned above. It is to note that at
present, no universal criteria/standard exists for color-coding of waste bins
however, it exists for Biomedical/hazardous waste. Therefore, the color-coding
scheme for waste bins may be modified but have similar labeling as listed
above. Employees will be provided training on the proper use of colored bins.
All waste bins used will have proper top cover/lid to avoid
foul-smelling and contamination of ambient air quality due to decomposition of
biodegradable waste as well as to avoid mosquitoes and flies from waste. It is
to note that for hazardous waste, separate bins will be provided.
Several waste bins at various project facilities will be as
provided in Table 4- 3 which have been calculated based on total amounts of
various types of wastes generated from the project, assuming 24 hours occupancy
at each project facility listed in the second column of the Table 4-3and each
bin can store 5 kg waste.
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