What is Heat Exhaustion?
Heat exhaustion is a heat-related illness that occurs when
the body becomes overwhelmed by excessive heat and is unable to cool down
properly. It is typically a result of prolonged exposure to high temperatures,
combined with inadequate fluid intake and insufficient salt replenishment. Heat
exhaustion is considered less severe than heat stroke but still requires prompt
attention and treatment.
The signs and
symptoms of heat exhaustion may include:
- Heavy sweating: The body attempts to cool itself down by producing excessive sweat.
- Fatigue and weakness: Heat exhaustion can cause feelings of extreme tiredness and weakness.
- Dizziness and lightheadedness: Individuals may feel dizzy or lightheaded, potentially leading to fainting.
- Nausea and vomiting: Heat exhaustion can cause nausea, sometimes accompanied by vomiting.
- Headache: A throbbing headache may develop as a result of the body's struggle to regulate temperature.
- Pale, clammy skin: The skin may become pale, cool, and moist due to excessive sweating.
- Rapid heartbeat: The heart rate may increase in an effort to circulate blood to cool the body.
- Muscle cramps: Painful muscle cramps, particularly in the legs and abdomen, can occur due to electrolyte imbalances from excessive sweating.
- Rapid, shallow breathing: Breathing may become fast and shallow as the body attempts to cool down.
If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of heat
exhaustion, it is important to take immediate action. Move to a cooler
environment, preferably an air-conditioned space, or at least a shaded area.
Drink cool water or sports drinks containing electrolytes to rehydrate, and
apply cool water or damp towels to the skin to help lower the body temperature.
If symptoms worsen or do not improve within 30 minutes, seek medical attention,
as untreated heat exhaustion can progress to heat stroke, which is a
life-threatening condition.
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